Adding-machine.



No. 897,877. PATENTED SEPT. 8, 1908.

A. E1 COLE.

ADDNG MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV,26,1907.

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2 SHEETS-SHEET 1,

No. 897,877. PATBNTED SEPT. 8, 1908. A. E.- COLE.

ADDING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV.26.1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

UNITED srarns paran@ crimen.

ALONZO E. COLE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ADDING-MACHINE Application led November 26, 1907. Serial No. 403,920.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALONZO E. COLE, a citizen of theUnit-ed States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Adding-Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying draw ings. y

My invention relates to adding machines, and its object is to construct an inexpensive, simple, com act and durable device of this charac-ter adhpted to be conveniently and expeditiously operated by unskilled persons and not liable to get out of order or require re iair. n general the invention contemplates arranging upon a conimonaxis, in a suitable case, a series of flat surface disks or circular bodies with a `flat stop cover above each disk, in providing key holes and corresponding numbered marginal spaces on each disk, arranging governing openings and stop edges ine'ach cover' and numbered spaces on the. topv cover, in connection with an index aperture, in such relation that by inserting a key in an opening corresponding to a number on one of the numbered spaces on the top cover, drawing the key to the proper stop edge and repeating this operation with the same or a dillerent numbered space until the addition is completed, a number will be brought into view in the index aperture which is the sum of the numbers on the spaces opposite the Vopenings in which the key has been inserted when drawing it to the slop edge, the whole being arranged. with key operated orifices for returning the disks to initial position. The stop covers or the openings and stop edges in t'nemand in the 'lisks govern and limit the engagement of the key so that the disks may be rotated automatically in relatively fixed mathematical relations to each other and to the index aperture.

The simplicity of the ecomomy with which the disks and covers may be struck out-of plain {lat blanks are among the especial advantages ol' the invention. T he disks, stop covers andthe base are conveniently made from steel, hard rubber or other suitable material, the expansion and contraction of metals not seriously affecting the operation of the device.

' The method of constructing the device for adding three or more columns of figures is Specification of Letters Patent.

device, and the4 Patented sept. s, 190e.

add and indicate sums not exceeding totals in two figures.

Figure 1 is a top view of the assembled de-` vice showing'the osition assumed by the parts when the dis s are set at zero, the initial position. Fig..2 is a similar view showing the parts after an addition giving the total ten has been made,an operation which required. more than a halt revolution 'of the top disk, and brought in operation the second disk below it to travel one disk space. i Fig 3 is a sectional view on line 3 of Fig. 1 in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 4 is a similar view on line 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a top view of the Jface late or top stop cover for the primary disk). Fig; 6 1s a to view of the primary or units revolving dis i. Fig. 7 is a top view of the secondary disk stop cover.

In the drawings, A indicates a case or bed'I plate, which serves as a base for the other parts, in the center of which is securedthe upright shaft or axis a upon which the disks are pivoted. The stop covers are arranged one above each disk and are rnveniently spaced to allow room for the rotatable disks and united to form an integral structure by corner blocks or projections and suitable fastenings. Stop cover B is so spaced and supported by blocks or projections e fastened to it while VA and D are similarly held by similar parts b. The bedplate A and covers B and D are conveniently constructed of the same size and dimensions. The margins of the disks or circular bodies E and C are divided into radially equal disk spaces-that is, the radii which mark off adjacent spaces are drawn at regular intervals about the circumference of the disks, the dividing radii on C being extensions of and coincident with those on E. Disk E being of less diameter than (l and concentric therewith the preisetion of its circumference upon C falls within its circumference andforms the inner edge of the disk spaces on C. 'Disk E being the primaryor smaller units calculating wheel is provided with like series of numerals like numbers being oppositely disposed, while perforations, adapted to receive .a pencil point or other engaging key for turning the disk, are arranged, one for each space, on arcs of two circles in the circumferences of two circles of unequal diameters drawn with a as a center within the inner edge of the disk spaces, b indicating the perforations arranged on the circle of smaller diameter and c on the larger. In the drawings, two series are shown, but anyeven number of series may kbe arranged on arcs adjacent arcs lying in different circumferences. The sumof the perforations or spaces in each series on the different arcs equals in numeral value one space on the disk below, for example, if the result is to appear ,in pounds and ounces, I would construct sixteenspaces and corre- -ponding `perforations in each 'series inudisk and any number of spaces in disk C. Where, however, iigures are to be added on the decimal system, I divide the disk'into twenty radially equal disk spaces numbered induplicate, as `"I.1;wn in the drawings, or I may arrange an; .lumber of pairs of series on arcs in two circumferencessof diiierent diame.

ters.

On the index face or `stop cover D is cut out an opening da on an arc coincident when the arts rest in initial position with the arc in wiich the outer edges of the perforations in the series farthest from the disk center lie. In D on a circumference coincident with a circumference within the circles or arcs upon which the perforations are located is cut an opening d2. This construction forms the upper and lower stop edges d d on diameters of the disks, butl conceals the margin of the disk E upon which the numerals appear beneath the curved edge of d. To the left hand of the middle edge of the opening di is cut out in the stop cover D an indicator opening d* radially equal to one disk space and adapted i to reveal seria'tim the numerals on the margins of disks E and C. The marginal edges of, the index face adjacent to opening d between the opening (Z4 and vertical extensions of the edges d d are divided into radially equal index spaces corresponding to the divisionsin the margin of the disk E and correspondingly consecutively numbered from bottom to top. 1

In the system of notation illustrated, the margin of disk C is divided into twenty radially equal parts or disk spaces numbered from zero to nineteen, the zero and ten numerals being at opposite ends of a diameter which is coincident with the diameter on disk E at the extremities of which the two zeros on that disk are located. On two eircumferences within the disk C coinciding with the two circumferences on which the pairs of perforations b and c are arranged, are cut two series of perforations e and f. Succeeding perforations of the -series c and f von coincident circumferences.

correspond alternately to adjacent disk spaces. By rotating the disks the 4perforations b and c may in turn be made to register with the perforations f and e respectively, sineethey are of the same size and located When superposed with thezero of C and the left hand zero of E on coincident radii, the parts are* I in initial position. Whe'n the parts are in initial position the registering orifices g, g, g2, adapted to receive a pencil oint or other suitable key, are cut through t e disks E and C into' the bed plate A, respectively. The orices g, g', g? are located on a diameter coincident with the edges al, d', their registering outer edges being coincident with the circumference on which the right hand edgeof the' opening d? li'es so that this edge may form a guide for the pencil or key when the disks are turned backwards or clockwise. In the stop cover B is cut'a circular opening h concentric with and of the same. diameter as the circular opening d2. The opening h is extended to form an opening k havingan edge k coinci. dent with the edge d extended to the circum- Ahaving radii equal to the distance between a andthe outer edges of the perforations e and c. Opening 7c is of suflicient size to expose only two adjacent openings d and e at one time.. An opening lis cut in thestop cover B to register with opening d", the two being adapted to ex )ose one at a time the numerals on the dis C.

The operation of my device is as follows: The disks C and E are irst Iturned to the ini# tial position. If the problem be to add seven and two, the pencil point Aor key is inserted in the perforation in disk E corresponding to numeral 7 'on the faceplate D. The point penetrates through the disk E as far as the stop cover B which prevents it from moving the disk (l. drawn inthe direction of 'the arrow (shown in Fig. 1).rotating disk E until arrested by the stop edge d. The relative arrangement of the disk spaces and the openings is such' that the numeral 7 on disk E,appears through the opening d4, or, in other words, the distance traveled by the pencil fron the point 7 on D to the edge d is equal toseveniradial spaces on E. The pencil is next inserted in the perforation E corresponding to the numeral 2 on the index face D. The point of thepeneii dropsl through E and rests on With the pencil turn the disk E in the direc tion of the arrow until stopped by the edge d', the distance traveled is two radial spaces, which brings the numeral nine, the sum of seven and two, into view. The addition completed, the pencil is inserted in g and the disk E turned until the pencil drops through g" into g2 when both disks again rest in initial position. If the problem be to add nine and three, the pencil, inserted in the perforation .The pencil thusinserted is fiosite the'numeral 9 on D, is brought around until arrested by the stop edge d', so' that E is revolved nine radial spaces thel pencil point moving on the top surface of stop coverB. The pencil is then inserted in the perforation opposite the numeral three on D and drawn towards the edge d. 'lhe pencil point at. iirst'movcs' on the surface of' B,

but soon as the right hand or second zero radial space on E passes the opening rl* the pencil point drops through the opening K into one of the openings e in the disk causing the two disks E and to tf'avel together one radial space before the pencil is arrested by the stop edges d', 7c', thereby bringingr fue numeral 1 on disk C and numeral 2 on disk E into view through 14,12 being the suni of nine and three. With every halt' turnozt il) the disk C'travels a distance eqiialsto one radial space. r

Having thus described my invention what -I claim is:

1, In an adding machine; the combination of a stop cover having4 a circular opening with radially equal cover s )aces on a semicireular margin thereof, a disk beneath `aid stop cover concentric with said opening having radially equal disk spaces on the margin corresponding to said radial cover spaces, iin index opening in said semi-circular margin adapted to reveal one at a time the disk Spaces as the disk revolves and series ot perforations in said.disk, arranged in arcs on circumfercnces of different diameters heone for each space on radii dividing adjacent 4. In an adding machine, concentric disks,y

spaces.

2. The combination ol a disk having its outer margin divided by radial hues 'into 'equal disk spaces, a series of per'l'orations arranged on said disk in ares on circuinferences of different diameters lalhng between said spaces and the center oic said disk, a perl` .nr i

'with a disk diameter bisecting said arcs,the

semi-circular margin about said opening be.- ing divided by radial lines'coineidcQnt with the radial lines which divide the. disk spaces into radially equal coverrspaces, one oi which is out away to reveal one at a time the disk spaces as said disk rotates, substantially as and for the purposes described. i

3. In an adding machine, ay base.; stop covers having coincident circular openings, disks concentric with said openings beneath each cover and orifices ada ted to receive a key arranged one in cach disk and in the base on coincident circuinfcrenees within thev circumference. of said circular openings; whereby said disks may be returned to initial position when turned therefrom by bringing said oriices into registration.

key, arranged in each disk on coincident circiiin'ierences within the circumference of said circular openings, whereby said disks may be alineilto initial position by"bringing said orifices into registration on insertion of a key in the orifice in the top disk and turning the. same until the key drops into the orifices of the disks below. p

5. in an adding machine, a rotatable disk having equal disk spaces' Ion its outer margin divided by radii ol' the disk, cach space beiir ing ditlereiit numerals in duplicates, like numerals being op ositely disposed, series of apertures arrange( in semi-circles' concentric with the disk and' between its center and the said s mees, there being in each series ainumber oil apertures equal to the number of' dift'crent numerals, and a stop cover above the disk having a semi-circular opening concen tric with the disk, the semicircular edge ot' this opening having as many equal cover spaces as there are ditl'erent disk numei'ials, each space equal-to and adapted to cover a below as'said disk rotates, each cover space -being indicated by-dill'erent numerals correspending 'toeach ol the dil'l'erent disk numerals, the straight edge of said opening constituting a stop t'or a disk operating key.

ln an adding imichine, a base, primary and secondary disks, concentrically arranged to rotate about a common axis each beneath a stop cover, stop covers, th(l top stop cover having radiall)v equal index spaces arranged in a semi-circle concentric with the disks, the middle space being cut away above the disks to forni an aperture tor observing the disk spaces, twice as man v radially equal disk spaces on' the margin ot each disk as there areiiulcyspaces, the disk spaces on the secondary disks extending beyond the corresponding spaces on the primarvT disks, stop edges on said covers, openings in said disks arranged to engage a disk operating key and the openings in said covers adapted to govern the fractional revolutions ot the disks in a lixed i'atio one to the other, substantially as and tor the purposes described.

7. ln an adding machine, stop covers having coincident circular openings, disks bcnoath eaeh stop cover concentric with said openings, having numbered radially equal disk spaces, the numbers thereon on each succeeding'disk traveling in a path beyond that in which the numbers on the disk above it travel, a semi-cireular opening in the top .disk of greater diameter than the circular opening thereon, stop edges between said openings, index spaces arranged on the curved margin of said scini-circular opening cach radially equal to cach other and to said .rotating said secondary dis disk spaces, the middle space being cut away and extended from the center of saiddisks to reveal one disk space on each of the disks, perforations in said disks correspondingv to each disk space arranged in circumferences having greater diameters than said circular openings, a key adapted to be inserted in said perforations, means carried by the lower stop covers. for preventing said key from rotating the disks below them until the disk above has been turned a half revolution and means operated by said key for returning all of said disks to initial position when rotated therefrom.

8. The combination of concentric primary and secondary disks having numbered radially equal disk spaces thereon, th numbers of the secondary disk traveling in a path beyond that in which the numbers Von the rimaryidisk travel, stop covers above each isk having an aperture adapted to reveal one at a time one space on each disk, holes in said disks corresponding to each space, and openings, stop edges and numbered radially equal index Vspaces similar to said disk spaces in said covers, said stop covers being adapted to prevent a key inserted in a erforation from when turning said primary disk less than a half revolution and to cause it to engage a hole in said seeondary disk and turn the latter`the distance of one space for each haltl revolution of said vprimary disk, whereby insertion of said key in a hole in the primary disk opposite a numbered index space and the turning of said disk until the key is arrested by said stop cover, causes a correspondingly numbered disk space to appear in said index aperture and repetitions of the operation causev numbered spaces equal in notation to the sum of the numberedindcx spaces from which the holes were rotated to appear in said index aperture 9. In an adding machine, primary and secondary concentric disks having perforations arranged at regular intervals thereon, those on the primary disk being set in arcs, the radii of adjacent arcs being diiierent, and

' those in the secondary disk arranged alternately in the eircumferences of two circles coincident with said arcs, and a stop cover intermediate of the disks having an opening therein across said circumicrences adapted to expose in pairs adjacent perforations one in each of circumferences.

10. In an adding machine, concentric cir# cular bodies having radially equal marginal spaces, two series of perforations in each corresponding series arranged on the vii-runderences of coincident circles, and a stop cover sans?? having an opening adapted to limit the inter.-

lockingof a key inserted in a perforation Ito rotate the lower disk through an arc equal to. one space for every'hali4 revolution of said upper disk, substantially as described.

171. In an adding machine, concentric disks having radially equal marginal disk s aces, the spaces on succeeding disks disl tric with said disks, in which said p'erfora-jv tions lie, said covers being adapted to expose only two adjacent 'perforations at a time, sto edges adapted to arrest rotation of said dis s, t ie arrangement of said perforations and stop edges being such that rotation of a disk above through an arc equal to thesum of the disk spaces of lone series rotates the disk below it through an arc equal to one disk space.

i 12. In an adding machine, concentric disks having radially equal disk spaces, se'- ries of perforations one Jfor each disk s ace on said disks and means in the lower dis coperating to interlock a key inserted in a perioration in the top disk to rotate said lower dis'k airactional revolution equal to the arc included in one space for every turn of the top disk equalto the sum oi the arcs includedin the spaces of a single series, substantiallyfas described. 13. The combination ci concentric rotatable disks with means carried on said disks and means in the lower disk ior engaging a. key to rotate the lower disk one twentieth oi a revolution for every half revolution of said upper disk.

14. The combination of concentric disks bearing numbered radially equal disk spaces,

land stop covers above each disk, the top cover having equal numbered index spaces, of means corresponding to each disk space and carried b r each disk and openings in said stop covers, 'or engaging a key to rotate alternately the top disks'independently and' both disks simultaneously, their simuita-neous fractional revolutions bearing a constant relation one to the other and to saidk index spaces, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature in thc presence of two witnesses.

ALONZO E. COLE.

Witnesses:

ART-Hun GREENE, f

UnAuLns li. IIINE. 

